Social and Economic Interventions to Alleviate Poverty in Makassar City
An Approach Using Human Capital Theory and Kurt Lewin's Change Model
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33096/jmb.v11i1.845Keywords:
Poverty, Human capital theory, Kurt lewin's change model, Sanitation, Education, Economic empowermentAbstract
This study aims to identify factors influencing poverty in Makassar City and propose effective social and economic interventions based on Human Capital Theory and Kurt Lewin's Change Model. It utilizes a qualitative approach employing grounded theory methodology. Data collection involved observation, documentation, and in-depth interviews with 31 informants: government officials (2), poverty activists (3), and impoverished families (26) in Makassar City. NVivo software facilitated data analysis to determine key criteria and relationships among these factors. The study highlights poor sanitation quality, low education levels, limited motivation to escape poverty, and reliance on government aid as primary poverty exacerbators in Makassar. Proposed interventions include enhancing sanitation infrastructure, educational initiatives, skill development, and fostering social networks. These findings underscore the importance of an integrated approach to poverty alleviation. Theoretically, the study supports Human Capital Theory by emphasizing investment in education, skills, and health to boost productivity and community welfare. Managerially, the government is urged to implement programs improving sanitation, education access, economic empowerment, and ensure ongoing effectiveness through continuous monitoring.
Downloads
References
Abu Bakar, N., Sahimin, N., Lim, Y. A. L., Ibrahim, K., & Mohd Zain, S. N. (2023). Poverty related diseases amongst Malaysia’s low-income community: a review. Tropical Biomedicine, 40(1), 65–75. https://doi.org/10.47665/tb.40.1.013
Atoloye, A. T., Savoie-Roskos, M. R., Guenther, P. M., & Durward, C. M. (2021). Effectiveness of Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program in Changing Nutrition-Related Outcomes Among Adults With Low Income: A Systematic Review. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 53(8), 691–705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2021.03.006
Baitas, M. (2020). The traders of Central Bazaar, Astana: motivation and networks. Central Asian Survey, 39(1), 33–45. https://doi.org/10.1080/02634937.2019.1697642
Barnes, C. Y., Halpern-Meekin, S., & Hoiting, J. (2024). “They need more programs for the kids:” Low-income mothers’ views ofgovernment amidst economic precarity and burdensome programs. International Journal of Social Welfare, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijsw.12641
Bouzid, M., Cumming, O., & Hunter, P. R. (2018). What is the impact of water sanitation and hygiene in healthcare facilities on care seeking behaviour and patient satisfaction? A systematic review of the evidence from low-income and middleincome countries. BMJ Global Health, 3(3), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000648
Bryant, A., & Charmaz, K. (2010). The SAGE Handbook of Grounded Theory: Paperback Edition. SAGE.
Budiandriani, Mahfudnurnajamuddin, & Syahnur, M. H. (2023). How capital structure, liquidity, and profitability affect on company value (intervening variables studies on food and beverage sub-sector manufacturing companies on idx). Enrichment : Journal of Management, 12(6), 4969-4979. https://doi.org/10.35335/enrichment.v12i6.1170
Camfield, L. (2015). “Character matters”: How do measures of non-cognitive skills shape understandings of social mobility in the global North and South? Social Anthropology, 23(1), 68–79. https://doi.org/10.1111/1469-8676.12103
Campos, F., Frese, M., Goldstein, M., Iacovone, L., Johnson, H. C., McKenzie, D., & Mensmann, M. (2017). Teaching personal initiative beats traditional training in boosting small business in West Africa. Science, 357(6357), 1287–1290. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aan5329
Chetty, R., Jackson, M. O., Kuchler, T., Stroebel, J., Hendren, N., Fluegge, R. B., Gong, S., Gonzalez, F., Grondin, A., Jacob, M., Johnston, D., Koenen, M., Laguna-Muggenburg, E., Mudekereza, F., Rutter, T., Thor, N., Townsend, W., Zhang, R., Bailey, M., … Wernerfelt, N. (2022). Social capital I: measurement and associations with economic mobility. Nature, 608(7921), 108–121. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04996-4
Duncan, G. J., Magnuson, K., & Murnane, R. J. (2016). Reforming Preschools and Schools. Academic Pediatrics, 16(3), S121–S127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2015.12.003
Erikson, R. S. (2015). Income inequality and policy responsiveness. Annual Review of Political Science, 18(February), 11–29. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-020614-094706
Ganimian, A. J., & Murnane, R. J. (2016). Improving Education in Developing Countries: Lessons From Rigorous Impact Evaluations. Review of Educational Research, 86(3), 719–755. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654315627499
Gillum, C., Tureski, K., & Msofe, J. (2023). Strengthening Social and Behavior Change Programming Through Application of an Adaptive Management Framework: A Case Study in Tanzania. Global Health Science and Practice, 11, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-22-00215
Guiteras, R., Levinsohn, J., & Mobarak, A. M. (2015). Encouraging sanitation investment in the developing world: A cluster-randomized trial. Science, 348(6237), 903–906. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa0491
Hamilton, J. T., & Morgan, F. (2018). Poor Information: How Economics Affects the Information Lives of Low-Income Individuals. International Journal of Communication, 12, 2832–2850.
Han, J., Meyer, B. D., & Sullivan, J. X. (2020). Income and poverty in the COVID-19 pandemic. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2020(Special Edition), 85–118. https://doi.org/10.1353/eca.2020.0007
Holtyn, A. F., Jarvis, B. P., & Silverman, K. (2017). Behavior Analysts in the War on Poverty: A Review of The Use of Financial Incentives to Promote Education and Employment. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 107(1), 9–20. https://doi.org/10.1002/jeab.233
Hyde, C. A., & Eyrich-Garg, K. M. (2024). Urban silos: Community and social capital of low-income residents and the implications for anti-poverty initiatives. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 34(4), 481–500. https://doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2023.2254343
Jacob, A., & Boyd, R. (2020). Addressing economic vulnerability among low-income families in America: is the basic income approach a viable policy option? Journal of Children and Poverty, 26(1), 85–99. https://doi.org/10.1080/10796126.2019.1702757
Jayashankar, P., & Raju, S. (2020). The effect of social cohesion and social networks on perceptions of food availability among low-income consumers. Journal of Business Research, 108(July 2018), 316–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.10.028
Jeon, J. S. (2020). Moving away from opportunity? Social networks and access to social services. Urban Studies, 57(8), 1696–1713. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098019844197
Laurin, K., Engstrom, H. R., & Alic, A. (2019). Motivational Accounts of the Vicious Cycle of Social Status: An Integrative Framework Using the United States as a Case Study. In Perspectives on Psychological Science (Vol. 14, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691618788875
Lee, Y. G., Hales, E., & Kelley, H. H. (2023). Financial Behaviors, Government Assistance, and Financial Satisfaction. Social Indicators Research, 166(1), 85–103. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-022-03051-z
Letki, N., & Mieriņa, I. (2015). Getting support in polarized societies: Income, social networks, and socioeconomic context. Social Science Research, 49(1), 217–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2014.08.002
Livermore, M., Brown, M. E., & Lim, Y. (2020). Worth beyond Work? Civic Engagement and Social Support Provision of Benefit Recipients. Journal of Poverty, 24(4), 300–317. https://doi.org/10.1080/10875549.2019.1703128
Maniquet, F., & Neumann, D. (2021). Well-Being, Poverty, and Labor Income Taxation: Theory and Application to Europe and the United States. American Economic Journal: Microeconomics, 13(2), 276–310. https://doi.org/10.1257/mic.20180269
Marques, E. (2015). Urban Poverty, Segregation and Social Networks in São Paulo and Salvador, Brazil. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 39(6), 1067–1083. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2427.12300
McHugh, S., Presseau, J., Luecking, C. T., & Powell, B. J. (2022). Examining the complementarity between the ERIC compilation of implementation strategies and the behaviour change technique taxonomy: a qualitative analysis. Implementation Science, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-022-01227-2
Muennig, P. A., Mohit, B., Wu, J., Jia, H., & Rosen, Z. (2016). Cost Effectiveness of the Earned Income Tax Credit as a Health Policy Investment. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 51(6), 874–881. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2016.07.001
Nasir, M., & Syahnur, M. H. (2021). Factors that Increase Work Productivity of Civil Servant at the Dinas Perdagangan Kota Makassar. Jurnal Analisis Bisnis Ekonomi, 19(2), 119-132.
Prüss-Ustün, A., Wolf, J., Bartram, J., Clasen, T., Cumming, O., Freeman, M. C., Gordon, B., Hunter, P. R., Medlicott, K., & Johnston, R. (2019). Burden of disease from inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene for selected adverse health outcomes: An updated analysis with a focus on low- and middle-income countries. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 222(5), 765–777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.05.004
Rahman, Z. ., Purnama, H. R. ., Nujum, S. ., & Syahnur, M. H. . (2023). Wage Rates, Sales Turnover, and Working Capital in Makassar’s Culinary Creative Economy Employment Absorption . Migration Letters, 20(8), 1239–1253. https://doi.org/10.59670/ml.v20i8.5958
Ramlawati, R., Bahari, A. F., & Syahnur, M. H. (2022). Company’s Performance as Measured by the Application of Big Data Analysis Capabilities for Customers. Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide Dan Inspirasi, 9(1), 109-126. https://doi.org/10.24252/minds.v9i1.27637
Sahoo, K. C., Dubey, S., Dash, G. C., Sahoo, R. K., Sahay, M. R., Negi, S., Mahapatra, P., Bhattacharya, D., Sahoo, B., Pani, S. P., Barrio, M. O. del, & Pati, S. (2022). A Systematic Review of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene for Urban Poor in Low- and Middle-Income Countries during the COVID-19 Pandemic through a Gendered Lens. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191911845
Schaffler, J., Leung, K., Tremblay, S., Merdsoy, L., Belzile, E., Lambrou, A., & Lambert, S. D. (2018). The Effectiveness of Self-Management Interventions for Individuals with Low Health Literacy and/or Low Income: A Descriptive Systematic Review. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 33(4), 510–523. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-017-4265-x
Seefeldt, K. (2016). Low-income families in the context of a vanishing safety net. Social Service Review, 90(1), 156–163. https://doi.org/10.1086/686749
Siliunas, A., Small, M. L., & Wallerstein, J. (2019). We can help, but there’s a catch: Nonprofit organizations and access to government-funded resources among the poor. Journal of Organizational Ethnography, 8(1), 109–128. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOE-04-2018-0018
Sissons, P. (2021). The local low skills equilibrium: Moving from concept to policy utility. Urban Studies, 58(8), 1543–1560. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098020915859
Tamsah, H. (2011). Kemiskinan dan Solusi Pengentasan Kemiskinan Perkotaan di Indonesia. AKMEN Jurnal Ilmiah, 8(4), 415–426. https://e-jurnal.nobel.ac.id/index.php/akmen/article/view/560
Tamsah, H., Bata, G., Sirajuddin, & Nur, Y. (2020). Capacity Building Model of Social Assistance in Improving the Productive Economy of the Poor. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 14(1), 1109–1118.
Tamsah, H., Ilyas, G. B., Nur, Y., & Farida, U. (2019). The Resilience of Poor Families and Their Effects on Poverty : A Grounded Research Approach. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 21(6), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.9790/487X-2106050105
Tamsah, H., Ilyas, G. B., Nurung, J., & Yusriadi, Y. (2023). Model Testing and Contribution of Antecedent Variable to Absolute Poverty: Low Income Family Perspective in Indonesia. Sustainability, 2023(15), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086894
Tamsah, H., Ilyas, G. B., R., A. L., Nur, Y., Yusriadi, Y., & Asrifan, A. (2021). Uncontrolled consumption and life quality of low-income families: A study of three major tribes in south Sulawesi. Management Science Letters, 10(4), 1171–1174. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2020.11.0022
Tamsah, H., & Mariah. (2015). Analisis Kemiskinan Ditinjau dari Tempat Tinggal, Pekerjaan, Pendapatan, dan Pendidikan di Sulawesi Selatan. Jurnal BISNIS & KEWIRAUSAHAAN, 4(1).
Tamsah, H., & Nurung, J. (2024). The Dynamics of Poverty in South Sulawesi: Perspectives from the Community, NGOs, and Government. Economics and Digital Business Review, 5(2), 166–176. https://ojs.stieamkop.ac.id/index.php/ecotal/article/view/1127/816
Tamsah, H., Poli, W. I. M., Bata, G., & Nurung, J. (2020). Women in low income families and their quality of life : A study with a grounded research approach in South Sulawesi ଝ. Enfermería Clínica, 30, 378–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.07.122
Tamsah, H., Sirajuddin, & Arisandi. (2019). Faktualisasi Pendampingan Sosial dalam Peningkatan Usaha Ekonomi Produktif Masyarakat Miskin (Studi pada Kabupaten Buton Selatan dan Kolaka , Sulawesi Tenggara). Seminar Nasional Pangan, Teknologi, Dan Enterpreneurship “Ekspolrasi Sumberdaya Alam Hayati Indonesia Berbasis Entrepreneurship Di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0,” April, 447–457.
Ting, M. M. (2017). Politics and Administration. American Journal of Political Science, 61(2), 305–319. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12273
Torres-Vitolasid, C. A., Trienekens, S. C. M., Zaadnoordijk, W., & Gouvras, A. N. (2023). Behaviour change interventions for the control and elimination of schistosomiasis: A systematic review of evidence from low-and middle-income countries. In PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases (Vol. 17, Issue 5). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011315
Wagaman, M. A., Compton, K. S., & Segal, E. A. (2018). Social empathy and attitudes about dependence of people living in poverty on government assistance programs. Journal of Poverty, 22(6), 471–485. https://doi.org/10.1080/10875549.2018.1460740
Wang, Z., & Guo, S. (2022). Politics of Poverty Governance: an Introduction. Journal of Chinese Political Science, 27(2), 205–219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11366-022-09804-4
Weber, H., & Abbasi, A. (2023). Erratum: Poverty is not “another culture”: Against a right of children to work to live. Review of International Studies, 49(3), 535. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0260210522000535
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 JMB : Jurnal Manajenem Bisnis
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
