Inclusive Leadership, Trustworthiness, and Trust in Leaders on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33096/jmb.v13i1.1376Keywords:
Inclusive Leadership, Trustworthiness, Trust in Leader, Organizational Citizenship BehaviorAbstract
This study aims to prove and analyze the influence of Inclusive Leadership and Trustworthiness on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) with Trust in Leaders as a mediating variable among employees of the Scout Movement Quarters (Kwartir Gerakan Pramuka) throughout East Java. This research employs a quantitative approach with a causal explanatory design. The population in this study comprises 144 employees of the Scout Movement Quarters throughout East Java. The sampling technique utilized was total sampling (census method), resulting in a sample of 144 respondents. Data collection was conducted using Google Forms and measured using a Likert scale. The data analysis technique utilized Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), processed using Partial Least Square (PLS) software and SPSS version 26. The results indicate that: 1) Inclusive Leadership has a significant effect on Trust in Leaders; 2) Trustworthiness has a significant effect on Trust in Leaders; 3) Trust in Leaders has a significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB); 4) Trust in Leaders significantly mediates the effect of Inclusive Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB); and 5) Trust in Leaders significantly mediates the effect of Trustworthiness on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB).Downloads
References
Ackaradejruangsri, P., Mumi, A., Rattanapituk, S., & Pakhunwanich, P. (2023). Exploring the Determinants of Young Inclusive Leadership in Thailand: Research Taxonomy and Theoretical Framework. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 14(4), 3696–3723. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-022-01017-7
Ağalday, B. (2022). Examining the Effect of Principals ’ Inclusive Leadership Practices on Organizational Hypocrisy through the Mediating Role of Trust in Principal. 9(September), 204–221.
Ahmad, R., Nawaz, M. R., Ishaq, M. I., Khan, M. M., & Ashraf, H. A. (2023). Social exchange theory: Systematic review and future directions. Frontiers in Psychology, 13(January), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1015921
Ain, Q. T., Bashir, T., & Baig, M. A. (2023). Inclusive Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior for the Environment: Relational Silence as a Mediator. Pakistan Social Sciences Review, 7(4), 312–321.
Arifin, N., Muafi, M., Yulianto, D. H., & Veisz, A. (2024). Analysis of Religiosity, Trust in Leader, and Team Cohesion on Green Organizational Citizenship Behavior Mediated by Green Employee Engagement. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis, 15(1), 162–183. https://doi.org/10.18196/mb.v15i1.21620
Ashikali, T. (2023). Unraveling Determinants of Inclusive Leadership in Public Organizations. Public Personnel Management, 52(4), 650–681. https://doi.org/10.1177/00910260231180286
Bauwens, R., & Engen, M. Van. (2025). Needs before deeds : psychological need satisfaction as a mechanism linking inclusive leadership to organizational citizenship behavior. 45(1), 51–63. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-12-2021-0545
Bellucci, G. (2022). A Model of Trust. Games, 13(3), 709–734. https://doi.org/10.3390/g13030039
Boakye, A. N., Addai, P., Obuobiisa-Darko, T., & Okyere, I. (2022). Resilience and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB): The Moderating Role of Leadership and Interpersonal Trust. SEISENSE Business Review, 2(1), 28–42.
Chen, L., Luo, F., Zhu, X., Huang, X., & Liu, Y. (2020). Inclusive Leadership Promotes Challenge-Oriented Organizational Citizenship Behavior Through the Mediation of Work Engagement and Moderation of Organizational Innovative Atmosphere. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(November), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.560594
Chin, M., Lee, C., & Rasdi, R. M. (2025). Trust in Leader as Antecedent to Trust in Team Members , Team Cooperation , and Team Performance : A Multilevel , Longitudinal , Mediational Perspective. 0(0), 1–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941251377383
Dai, Y., Tang, Y. M., Chen, W., & Hou, J. (2022). How organizational trust impacts organizational citizenship behavior: Organizational identification and employee loyalty as mediators. Frontiers in Psychology, 13(November). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.996962
Fan, Q., Wider, W., & Chan, C. K. (2023). The brief introduction to organizational citizenship behaviors and counterproductive work behaviors: a literature review. Frontiers in Psychology, 14(September), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1181930
Gülen Ertosun, Ö., Saim Aşçı, M., Gülen ERTOSUN, Ö., & Saim AŞÇI, M. (2021). THE IMPACT OF TRUST IN LEADERS ON ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR OF EMPLOYEES. In Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law (Vol. 7, Issue 1). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352401502
Hamali, S., Bramulya Ikhsan, R., Efendi, C. L., Rhido, M., & Auhtor, C. (2025). Enhancing Organisational Citizenship Behavior: A Trust-Based Perspective on Leadership and Support. International Journal of Business Economics (IJBE), 6(2), 46–65.
Handoyo, P. A., & Kharismasyah, A. Y. (2024). Role of Leadership Style, Work Life Balance on Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Mediated by Perceived Organizational Support. Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports, 18(5), 12–23. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i5627
Huang, N., Qiu, S., Yang, S., & Deng, R. (2021). Ethical leadership and organizational citizenship behavior: Mediation of trust and psychological well-being. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 14.
Huang, N. (2021). Ethical Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior : Mediation of Trust and Psychological. March.
Idris, AS, N., Soetjipto, B. E., & Supriyanto, A. S. (2021). Predicting factors of organizational citizenship behavior in Indonesian nurses. Heliyon, 7(12), e08652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08652
Kameneckienė, V. (2022). No TitleThe Influence of Manager’s Trustworthiness on Subordinate’s Trust in the Manager. Aunųjų Mokslininkų Darbai. https://doi.org/10.15388/jmd.2022.13.
Kao, J. C., Cho, C. C., & Kao, R. H. (2023). Perceived organizational support and organizational citizenship behavior–A study of the moderating effect of volunteer participation motivation, and cross-level effect of transformational leadership and organizational climate. Frontiers in Psychology, 14(February), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1082130
Khalilzadeh, M., & Ghesmati, H. (2024). Organizational citizenship behavior based on trust in organizational spirituality and participation in non-profit service organizations: A case study in Iran. Cogent Social Sciences, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2270845
Kuknor, S., Sharma, B., & Ouakouak, M. (2025). The Relationship of Inclusive Leadership With Organization-Based Self-Esteem: Mediating Role of Climate for Inclusion. SAGE Open, 15.
Lee, M., Lin, M.-H., Srinivasan, P. M., & Carr, S. C. (2023). Transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior: New mediating roles for trustworthiness and trust in team leaders. In Current Psychology.
Lee, J. H., & Shin, H. C. (2024). Effects of Inclusive Leadership on the Diversity Climate and Change-Oriented Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Behavioral Sciences, 14(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14060491
Lee, M. C. C., Lin, M.-H., Srinivasan, P. M., & Carr, S. C. (2024a). Transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior: new mediating roles for trustworthiness and trust in team leaders. Current Psychology, 43(11), 9567–9582. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-05095-x
Lee, M. C. C., Lin, M. H., Srinivasan, P. M., & Carr, S. C. (2024b). Transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior: new mediating roles for trustworthiness and trust in team leaders. Current Psychology, 43(11), 9567–9582. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-05095-x
Legood, A., Van Der Werff, L., Lee, A., & Hartog, D. (2020). A meta-analysis of the role of trust in the leadership- performance relationship. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 30, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432x.2020.1819241.
Liu, F., & Qi, M. (2022). Enhancing Organizational Citizenship Behaviors for the Environment: Integrating Social Identity and Social Exchange Perspectives. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 15(July), 1901–1914. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S370500
Lucy Rachelda Septian, Shofia Amin, & Besse Wediawati. (2025). Pengaruh Servant Leadership terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) melalui Komitmen Organisasi pada Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat. Profit: Jurnal Manajemen, Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 4(1), 12–33. https://doi.org/10.58192/profit.v4i1.2931
Mehmood, W., Afridi, F. K., Shah, T. A., & Jan, F. U. (2024). Inclusive Leadership Fosters Challenge-Oriented Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Mediating role of Inclusive Climate. Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences, 5(2), 169–184. https://doi.org/10.55737/qjss.679691412
Minza, W. M., Faturochman, F., & Firmansyah, M. R. (2020). Trust and Trustworthiness of Friendship Relation In Yogyakarta and Makassar. Jurnal Psikologi, 47(2), 75. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.44827
Mohammad Mohsen Liaqat, A. S. & S. A. S. (n.d.). THE HIDDEN DRIVERS OF JOB SATISFACTION: INCLUSIVE VS AUTOCRATIC LEADERSHIP WITH MEDIATING INFLUENCE OF TRUST. Gomal University Journal of Research. https://doi.org/10.51380/gujr-40-04-04.
Nazarian, A., Rodríguez Molina, M. A., Velayati, R., Ruiz-Alba, J. L., & Atkinson, P. (2024). Trust in leader and positive employee outcomes: To transform or to serve in cross-cultural leadership. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 25(1), 159–182. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/14705958241296322
Nelwan, O. S., Lengkong, V. P. K., Mandey, S. L., Saerang, R. T., Pratiknjo, M. H., Manginsela, E. P., Walangitan, H. D., Ratag, S. P., Paat, F. J., & Kawet, R. C. (2024). the Role of Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Servant Leadership on Employee Creativity: an Empirical Study of University in Manado. Revista de Gestao Social e Ambiental, 18(6), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.24857/RGSA.V18N6-072
Oh, J., Kim, D. H., & Kim, D. (2023). The Impact of Inclusive Leadership and Autocratic Leadership on Employees ’ Job Satisfaction and Commitment in Sport Organizations : The Mediating Role of Organizational Trust and The Moderating Role of Sport Involvement.
Organ, D. W. (2009). Organizational Citizenship Behavior : It ’ s Construct Clean-Up Time Organizational Citizenship Behavior : It ’ s Construct Clean-Up Time. Human Performance, January 2012, 37–41. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327043hup1002
Polat, M., & Turhaner, K. (2024). The relationship between inclusive leadership and teachers’ perceptions of organizational trust: A cross-sectional survey in Türkiye. Journal of Pedagogical Research, 8(1), 356–370. https://doi.org/10.33902/JPR.202424702
wan, U. (2023). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Autentik Dan Kepercayaan Kepemimpinan Terhadap Perilaku Kewarganegaraan Organisasi (OCB) dan Kinerja Karyawan. ADI Bisnis Digital Interdisiplin Jurnal, 4(2), 64–69. https://doi.org/10.34306/abdi.v4i2.940
Romaita, Adi Rahmat, & Ali Asfar. (2022). Kepemimpinan Altruistik Kepala Desa Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior dengan Kepercayaan pada Pemimpin Sebagai Mediasi. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Bisnis Terapan, 4(2), 97–112. https://doi.org/10.31849/jmbt.v4i2.12713
Sedlářík, Z., Bauwens, R., & van Engen, M. (2024). Needs before deeds: psychological need satisfaction as a mechanism linking inclusive leadership to organizational citizenship behavior. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 45(1), 51–63. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-12-2021-0545
Shahbaz Masih, Uma Eswari Punchanathan, M. Muzamil Naqshbandi, F. A. (2025). How inclusive leadership drives change-oriented extra-role behaviors via leader-member exchange and trust in leadership. Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/GKMC-05-2024-0276
Sharma, N., & Sabharwal, M. (2025). Antecedents of an Inclusive Leader in Public Organizations: A Macro and Micro Perspective. Journal of Social Equity and Public Administration, 3(1), 158–172. https://doi.org/10.24926/jsepa.v3i1.5865
Shore, L. M., & Chung, B. G. (2022). Inclusive Leadership: How Leaders Sustain or Discourage Work Group Inclusion. Group and Organization Management, 47(4), 723–754. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601121999580
Siyal, S. (2023). Inclusive leadership and work engagement: Exploring the role of psychological safety and trust in leader in multiple organizational context. Business Ethics, the Environment and Responsibility, 32(4), 1170–1184. https://doi.org/10.1111/beer.12556
Siyal, S., Liu, J., Ma, L., Kumari, K., Saeed, M., Xin, C., & Hussain, S. N. (2023). Does inclusive leadership influence task performance of hospitality industry employees? Role of psychological empowerment and trust in leader. Heliyon, 9(5), e15507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15507
Sridadi, A. R., Eliyana, A., Priyandini, F. A., Pratama, A. S., Ajija, S. R., & Kamil, N. L. M. (2023). Examining antecedents of organizational citizenship behavior: An empirical study in Indonesian police context. PLoS ONE, 18(10 October), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0291815
Topakas, A., & Wainwright, D. (2024). No TitleInclusive leadership and the dual pathway to psychological safety: Fostering belongingness and uniqueness in teams. Journal of Leadership Studies, 18(1), 45–60.
Veli Korkmaz, A., van Engen, M. L., Knappert, L., & Schalk, R. (2022). About and beyond leading uniqueness and belongingness: A systematic review of inclusive leadership research. Human Resource Management Review, 32(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2022.100894
Wang, S., Feng, K., Wang, H., & Li, Y. (2025). Inclusive leadership and employee job performance: mediation of leader-member exchange and organizational identification. Frontiers in Psychology, 16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1615144
Zaccone, M. C., & Pedrini, M. (2024). Cultivating inclusive leadership: a catalyst for enhanced organizational citizenship. Corporate Governance (Bingley), October. https://doi.org/10.1108/CG-01-2024-0065
Zafar, S., Raziq, M. M., Igoe, J., Moazzam, M., & Ozturk, I. (2024). Inclusive leadership and innovative work behavior: roles of autonomous motivation and horizontal and vertical trust. Current Psychology, 43(14), 12680–12695. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-05386-3
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.




